The Labor Code of Panama outlines the legal framework for the termination of employment relationships, detailing the causes, procedures, and rights of both employers and employees. Below is an analysis of the key points, referencing specific articles of the said Code. Causes of Termination (Article 210) Article 210 specifies the…
The Labor Code of Panama, particularly Title I, Chapter I of the General Labor Protection Norms, demonstrate a strong commitment to prioritizing the employment of nationals over foreign workers. This article explores Articles 17 through 20 of these laws, offering an analytical perspective on their implications for employers and employees…
You are required to declare any amount over U$10,000 in cash, financial instruments, or negotiable documents when entering or leaving Panama by air, land, or sea. Failure to comply with this obligation may result in criminal sanctions under Article 375-A of the Panamanian Criminal Code. Declaration: You are required to…
The Panamanian Penal Code outlines strict penalties for various forms of fraud and deception, which are categorized as “scam” or “fraud” offenses. These crimes are punished with imprisonment depending on the severity of the offense and the circumstances under which the crime is committed. Article 220: Basic Definition of Scam…
Panama’s Penal Code takes a robust stance against drug-related offenses, with detailed provisions aimed at addressing various aspects of these crimes. Below is an in-depth examination of these laws, penalties, and principles, grounded in the text of the Penal Code itself. Key Provisions on Drug-Related Crimes Conspiracy and Criminal Organizations…
The crimes of libel and slander are regulated under Panama’s Penal Code as mechanisms to protect individuals’ honor and dignity. These definitions aim to ensure that offensive expressions or false accusations do not go unpunished. Definitions and Penalties Libel (Article 193): Libel refers to any action that offends a person’s…
In Panama, the Judicial Code establishes clear requirements to ensure that individuals who do not speak Spanish or have hearing or speech disabilities can fully participate in judicial proceedings. Below is a breakdown of key articles from Panama’s Judicial Code that address the necessity and duties of translators and interpreters…
Crimes Against Human Life Homicide Article 131: Anyone who causes the death of another person shall be punished with imprisonment for a period of ten to twenty years. Article 132: The crime set out in the previous article shall be punishable by imprisonment for a period of twenty to thirty…
The crime of personal injuries according to the Criminal Code of Panama Article 136 Anyone who, without intent to kill, causes another person bodily or psychological harm resulting in incapacity lasting between thirty and sixty days shall be subject to imprisonment for four to six years. Article 137 The penalty…
Article 1 All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2 Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction…
